Chapter 18 Security Event Auditing

Table of Contents
18.1 Synopsis
18.2 Key Terms in This Chapter
18.3 Installing Audit Support
18.4 Audit Configuration
18.5 Administering the Audit Subsystem
Written by Tom Rhodes and Robert Watson.

18.1 Synopsis

The FreeBSD operating system includes support for fine-grained security event auditing. Event auditing allows the reliable, fine-grained, and configurable logging of a variety of security-relevant system events, including logins, configuration changes, and file and network access. These log records can be invaluable for live system monitoring, intrusion detection, and postmortem analysis. FreeBSD implements Sun™'s published BSM API and file format, and is interoperable with both Sun's Solaris™ and Apple®'s Mac OS® X audit implementations.

This chapter focuses on the installation and configuration of Event Auditing. It explains audit policies, and provides an example audit configuration.

After reading this chapter, you will know:

Before reading this chapter, you should:

Warning: The audit facility has some known limitations which include that not all security-relevant system events are currently auditable, and that some login mechanisms, such as X11-based display managers and third party daemons, do not properly configure auditing for user login sessions.

The security event auditing facility is able to generate very detailed logs of system activity: on a busy system, trail file data can be very large when configured for high detail, exceeding gigabytes a week in some configurations. Administrators should take into account disk space requirements associated with high volume audit configurations. For example, it may be desirable to dedicate a file system to the /var/audit tree so that other file systems are not affected if the audit file system becomes full.