If you still haven’t heard about the ShellShock Bash (Bourne Again) shell remote exploit vulnerability and you admin some Linux server, you will definitely have to read seriously about it. ShellShock Bash Vulnerabily has become public on Sept 24 and is described in details here.
The vulnerability allows remote malicious attacker to execute arbitrary code under certain conditions, by passing strings of code following environment variable assignments. Affected are most of bash versions starting with bash 1.14 to bash 4.3.
Even if you have patched there are some reports, there are other bash shell flaws in the way bash handles shell variables, so probably in the coming month there will be even more patches to follow.
Affected bash flaw OS-es are Linux, Mac OS and BSDs;
• Some DHCP clients
• OpenSSL servers that use ForceCommand capability in (Webserver config)
• Apache Webservers that use CGi Scripts through mod_cgi and mod_cgid as well as cgis written in bash or launching bash subshells
• Network exposed services that use bash somehow
Even though there is patch there are futher reports claiming patch ineffective from both Google developers and RedHat devs, they say there are other flaws in how batch handles variables which lead to same remote code execution.
There are a couple of online testing tools already to test whether your website or certain script from a website is vulnerable to bash remote code executions, one of the few online remote bash vulnerability scanner is here and here. Also a good usable resource to test whether your webserver is vulnerable to ShellShock remote attack is found on ShellShocker.Net.
As there are plenty of non-standard custom written scripts probably online and there is not too much publicity about the problem and most admins are lazy the vulnerability will stay unpatched for a really long time and we’re about to see more and more exploit tools circulating in the script kiddies irc botnets.
Fixing bash Shellcode remote vulnerability on Debian 5.0 Lenny.
Follow the article suggesting how to fix the remote exploitable bash following few steps on older unsupported Debian 4.0 / 3.0 (Potato) etc. – here.
Fixing the bash shellcode vulnerability on Debian 6.0 Squeeze. For those who never heard since April 2014, there is a A Debian LTS (Long Term Support) repository. To fix in Debian 6.0 use the LTS package repository, like described in following article.
If you have issues patching your Debian Wheezy 6.0 Linux bash, it might be because you already have a newer installed version of bash and apt-get is refusing to overwrite it with an older version which is provided by Debian LTS repos. The quickest and surest way to fix it is to do literally the following:
vim /etc/apt/sources.list
Paste inside to use the following LTS repositories:
deb http://http.debian.net/debian/ squeeze main contrib non-free
deb-src http://http.debian.net/debian/ squeeze main contrib non-free
deb http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates main contrib non-free
deb http://http.debian.net/debian squeeze-lts main contrib non-free
deb-src http://http.debian.net/debian squeeze-lts main contrib non-free
Further on to check the available installable deb package versions with apt-get, issue:
apt-cache showpkg bash
...
...
Provides:
4.1-3+deb6u2 -
4.1-3 -
Reverse Provides:
As you see there are two installable versions of bash one from default Debian 6.0 repos 4.1-3 and the second one 4.1-3+deb6u2, another way to check the possible alternative installable versions when more than one version of a package is available is with:
apt-cache policy bash
...
*** 4.1-3+deb6u2 0
500 http://http.debian.net/debian/ squeeze-lts/main amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
4.1-3 0
500 http://http.debian.net/debian/ squeeze/main amd64 Packages
Then to install the LTS bash version on Debian 6.0 run:
apt-get install bash=4.1-3+deb6u2
Patching Ubuntu Linux supported version against shellcode bash vulnerability:
A security notice addressing Bash vulnerability in Ubuntus is in Ubuntu Security Notice (USN) here
USNs are a way Ubuntu discloses packages affected by a security issues, thus Ubuntu users should try to keep frequently an eye on Ubuntu Security Notices
apt-get update
apt-get install bash
Patching Bash Shellcode vulnerability on EOL (End of Life) versions of Ubuntu:
mkdir -p /usr/local/src/dist && cd /usr/local/src/dist
wget http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/bash/bash-4.3.tar.gz.sig
wget http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/bash/bash-4.3.tar.gz
wget http://tiswww.case.edu/php/chet/gpgkey.asc
gpg --import gpgkey.asc
gpg --verify bash-4.3.tar.gz.sig
cd ..
tar xzvf dist/bash-4.3.tar.gz
cd bash-4.3
mkdir patches && cd patches
wget -r --no-parent --accept "bash43-*" -nH -nd
ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/gnu/bash/bash-4.3-patches/ # Use a local mirror
echo *sig | xargs -n 1 gpg --verify --quiet # see note 2
cd ..
echo patches/bash43-0?? | xargs -n 1 patch -p0 -i # see note 3 below
./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/bash-4.3
--without-bash-malloc
--with-installed-readline
make
make test && make install
To solve bash vuln in recent Slackware Linux:
slackpkg update
slackpkg upgrade bash
For old Slacks, either download a patched version of bash or download the source for current installed package and apply the respective patch for the shellcode vulnerability.
There is also a GitHub project “ShellShock” Proof of Concept code demonstrating – https://github.com/mubix/shellshocker-pocs
There are also non-confirmed speculations for bash vulnerability bug to impact also:
Speculations:(Non-confirmed possibly vulnerable common server services):
• XMPP(ejabberd)
• Mailman
• MySQL
• NFS
• Bind9
• Procmail
• Exim
• Juniper Google Search
• Cisco Gear
• CUPS
• Postfix
• Qmail
Fixing ShellShock bash vulnerability on supported versions of CentOS, Redhat, Fedora
In supported versions of CentOS where EOL has not reached:
yum –y install bash
In Redhat, Fedoras recent releases to patch:
yum update bash
To upgrade the bash vulnerability in OpenSUSE:
zipper patch –cve=CVE-2014-7187
Shellcode is worser vulnerability than recent SSL severe vulnerability Hearbleed. According to Redhat and other sources this new bash vulnerability is already actively exploited in the wild and probably even worms are crawling the net stealing passwords, data and building IRC botnets for remote control and UDP flooding.
