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How to Create the Latest Windows 10 / 11 Installation Media from Linux OS

Monday, April 20th, 2026

Creating a Windows 10 installation USB from a Linux system is entirely possible and surprisingly straightforward once you know the few steps process and using few Linux tools. Whether you're preparing a dual-boot setup, fixing a broken Windows machine OS onplace, or re-installed Windows, installing fresh from scratch, is an useful skill every self-respecting sysadmin should be aware of.

Why Create Windows Installation Media from Linux ?

Even a hardcore Linux sysadmin / Desktop users need Windows for specific software, gaming, or troubleshooting, or for deployment of Windows installs for non-IT professionals, friends or company environments.
Having a Windows installable ISO by downloading and using Windows Media Creation Tool is an easy trivial task for those with Windows but is a problem especially for GNU / Linux users like me who don't own a computer with Microsoft Windows, but have Debian / Ubuntu / Fedora in place.
Microsoft’s official media creation tool is made to only runs on Windows OS, fortunately there is a few ways to have an installable USB drive prepared even on Linux.

The main challenge lies in properly formatting the USB flash drive and handling large Windows image files, especially the install.wim, which can exceed FAT32 file size limits.

What You’ll Need

Before starting, make sure you have:

A USB drive (at least 8GB sized recommended)
A Linux system (Ubuntu, Fedora, Arch Linux etc.)
The latest Windows 10 ISO file (downloaded locally)

1. Download the Windows 10 ISO

Go to Microsoft’s official website and download the latest Windows 10 ISO. You can do this directly from Linux using your browser.

Go to the Official Windows 10 Download Page.
On Windows: Press F12 (Dev Tools), click the Device Toolbar icon (mobile/tablet icon), and refresh the page. This tricks Microsoft into thinking you are on a Mac or Linux machine.
Select the edition and language, then click Confirm.
Right-click the 64-bit Download button and select Copy link address.
In your terminal, use wget. Note: You must wrap the URL in double quotes because it contains special characters:

Use wget with a direct copy of download link like for example:

$ wget https://www.microsoft.com/software-download/windows10.iso -O windows10.iso

Make sure the ISO is fully and correctly downloaded before proceeding further.

2. Install Required Tools

On Debian / Ubuntu deb-based distros. You’ll need few utilities:

# apt update # apt install wimtools ntfs-3g p7zip-full

On Fedora:

# dnf install wimlib ntfs-3g p7zip

These tools help extract and handle Windows image files properly.

3. Prepare the USB Drive

Insert your USB drive and identify it:

# lsblk

Look for something like /dev/sdb (be careful, as this will erase all data on the drive).

Partition and Format

Use fdiskor parted:

# fdisk /dev/sdb

Create a new partition table (GPT or MBR)
Create one primary partition
Set type to NTFS or FAT32

Then format it:

# mkfs.ntfs -f /dev/sdb1

NTFS is recommended because it supports large files.

4. Mount ISO and USB

Create mount points:

mkdir ~/winiso mkdir ~/winusb

Mount the ISO:

# mount -o loop windows10.iso ~/winiso

Mount the USB:

# mount /dev/sdb1 ~/winusb

5. Copy Files of ISO to Flash drive

Copy all files from the ISO to the USB:

# rsync -avh –progress ~/winiso/ ~/winusb/

This may take several minutes.

6. Handle Large install.wim File (If Needed)

If you formatted your USB as FAT32 and encounter issues with large files:

Split the WIM file:

# wimlib-imagex split ~/winiso/sources/install.wim ~/winusb/sources/install.swm 4000

Then remove the original:

rm ~/winusb/sources/install.wim

This step ensures compatibility with FAT32 file size limits.

7. Safely Unmount

Once everything is copied, make sure to:

# umount ~/winiso # umount ~/winusb

Now your USB is ready.

! NB ! Ensure Boot Files Exist

Double-check this path exists (on the new created Flash stick):

/EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efi

If this file is missing, the USB will fail to boot Windows 11 OS Installer.

8. Boot from fresh created USB drive

Insert the USB flash drive into the target machine, reboot, and enter BIOS / UEFI (usually by pressing F2, F12, DEL, or ESC).

Select the USB drive as the boot device / Save settings, reboot and the Windows OS installer screen should appear.

9. Troubleshooting Tips and Common Pitfalls (Especially with Windows 11)

USB not booting ? – Ensure your system is set to boot in UEFI mode if your USB is GPT formatted.
Missing drivers ? – Try recreating the USB using NTFS instead of FAT32.
Secure Boot issues ? – You may need to disable Secure Boot in BIOS.

9.1. USB Not Booting

Try use FAT32 instead of NTFS
Ensure UEFI mode is enabled

9.2. “File Too Large” Error

Very likely you forgot to split install.wim (as prior described)

9.3. Installer Refuses to Continue

Windows 11 require:
a.TPM 2.0
b. Secure Boot

10. Alternative GUI Linux Tools to use WoeUSB-ng / Ventroy

If you prefer Linux GUI tools for preparation of Installation USB drive Media , consider downloading WoeUSB or Ventroy:

WoeUSB – specifically designed for creating Windows bootable USBs from Linux
Ventoy – allows you to copy multiple ISOs to a single USB and boot from a menu

10.1 Install WoeUSB-ng

Easiest and perhaps most straight forward way is to install it via git and pip python.

$ git clone https://github.com/WoeUSB/WoeUSB-ng.git

$ cd WoeUSB-ng

$ sudo pip3 install .

10.2. Install Ventroy and deploy Windows installer on USB Drive

a) Prepare the USB Drive in Linux

b) Add the Windows ISO

c) Install Windows ISO

1. Download it : Get the ventoy-x.x.xx-linux.tar.gz file from the Ventoy website.

2. Extract : Open a terminal and extract: tar -xvf ventoy-*.tar.gz.

3. Locate USB: Run lsblk to identify your USB drive (e.g., /dev/sdb).

4. Install: Run the script (replace /dev/sdb with your drive):

# sudo ./Ventoy2Disk.sh -i /dev/sdb

Once installed, the USB will have a large partition named "Ventoy".

5. Copy, paste Windows ISO file: (Windows 10 or 11) onto this USB drive.

6. Insert the USB, into the target computer.

7. Reboot PC: and enter the BIOS/boot menu (e.g., F2, F12) to boot from the USB.

Sum it up

Creating Windows 10 installation media from Linux might seem tricky at first, but with the right approach, it’s completely manageable, it is also a nice one if you need to create multiple flash drives, and you need to automate the process of Windows installable USB drive creation for multiple windows setups that needs to get reinstalled on place simultaneously.
Once you’ve done it once, it becomes a quick and reliable process you can reuse anytime.

Whether you're a Linux enthusiast or just working across systems, this method ensures you're never stuck without a Windows installer at hand, even without owing a Windows OS.

Tags: Creating Windows, download page, ESC, Insert, ISO, Missing, mount dev, refresh, Select, USB
Posted in Educational, Everyday Life, Linux, Windows | No Comments »

How to Recreate a Corrupted Windows User Profile to Solve Windows Signing In / Signing Out Loops

Tuesday, March 3rd, 2026

A corrupted Windows user Profile can cause serious frustration, especially if your PC / notebook running Windows 10 / Windows / 11 etc. in a Windows Domain or not becomes inaccessible for no obvious reason, even though last day you shut down the PC and everything has been working perfectly fine.

The Corruption of User Profile is a rare problem but for a Domain users it is something you'll likely face at least once in a life time or more. Windows Professionals / Sys Admins shold face it frequently when administering, large domains with multiple joined Windows PCs inside the domain so Windows Pro users should be little known for most common Win users.

Corruption usually happens after improper shutdown / a recent update, due to some recent installation / removal of new software or even for absolutely no reason. You might hit a strange issue, you used your Windows work PC or home laptop for years and suddenly out of nothing you cannot login to the account anymore …
The gamma of issues testifying of broken profiles is wide.

You may experience temporary profile logins, missing files, broken settings, constant errors, or extremely slow performance. Logging in to the account Giving you a Signining In -> Welcome -> Signing Out Login Loop or sometimes Windows even displays the message:

“You have been signed in with a temporary profile.”

If this happens, don’t panic. In most cases, you can safely recreate your Windows profile without losing personal data.

Signs Your User Profile Is Corrupted :

Temporary profile message
Desktop resets after reboot
Missing files
Apps not saving settings
Start menu not working
Extremely slow login

This guide should work for both Windows 10 and Windows 11.

What Causes a Corrupted Windows Profile?

Common causes include:

Improper shutdowns
Failed Windows updates
Disk errors or bad sectors
Antivirus interference
Registry corruption
Power outages

When the profile registry entry or user folder becomes damaged, Windows cannot properly load your account.

Windows drops you into Temporary Profile ?

Often if you try to recover your profile, if you have attempted to recover your profile manually or something happened with ntuser.dat file or other profile settings in Registry.

If that's the case Windows logs you into a temporary profile, it usually looks like you have a fresh profile (desktop empty, files missing), even though your original profile still exists. This happens when Windows can’t load your original user profile properly.

Here’s what’s happening and why Windows drops you into this temporary profile (which by the way is recreated every time creating its own Directory like C:\Users\TEMP.AD1 , C:\Users\TEMP.AD2 TEMP.AD3 on each and every windows restart .

Why Windows Uses a Temporary Profile

Corrupted user profile

Critical files in your original profile (like NTUSER.DAT) may be corrupted.

Permissions issues

If Windows can’t access your profile folder due to permissions errors.

Profile in use or locked

If the profile was not closed properly or still in use.

Disk errors

File system problems can prevent profile loading.

Registry errors

Windows keeps profile info in the registry (HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\ProfileList). If it’s misconfigured, the system may create a temporary profile.

Symptoms of a Temporary Profile

Desktop, Documents, Downloads, and other files appear empty.
Changes made during the session are lost after logout.
Windows may show a notification like:

“You have been logged on with a temporary profile. Changes you make will be lost when you log off.”

Before You Start (have Administrator access)

You’ll need:

Administrator access to the PC
A backup of important files (if accessible)
About 15–30 minutes

If you can’t log in normally, boot into Safe Mode / Safe Mode with Networking / Safe Mode with Command Prompt or have some kind of recovery console.

1. Create a New User Profile (Best and Recommended approach)

I know you will feel bad that you will loose all your customizations of the Profile, but having empty hopes and loosing times with empty hopes does not make things better either, so better accept that the probability to have your Profile restored by restoring from backup ntuser.dat file or doing Windows System Restore or running whatever of Auto recovery and diagnostics tools in safe in most of the cases won't solve it. So face the reality and move on.

Create a New User Profile is the safest and most reliable fix.

1.1. Create a New Local Administrator Account

Open Settings
Go to Accounts → Family & other users
Click Add account
Choose I don’t have this person’s sign-in information
Select Add a user without a Microsoft account
Create a new username and password
After creation, click the account → Change account type
Set it to Administrator

Restart your PC and log into the new account.

1.2. Copy Data from the Old Profile

Open Win File Explorer

Go to:

C:\Users

Open your old corrupted profile folder (dir)

Copy important folders:

Desktop
Documents
Downloads
Pictures
Favorites
Music
Videos

Do NOT copy (as this files contains actually the Data for the Profile itself they need to be automatically generated on new Profile creation time):

NTUSER.DAT
NTUSER.DAT.LOG
NTUSER.INI

Paste the data into your new profile folder.

1.3. Delete the Corrupted Profile

Press Win + R

Inside prompt Type:

C:\Windows> sysdm.cpl

Go to Advanced → User Profiles → Settings

Select the corrupted profile

Click Delete

Then remove the old folder from C:\Users if it still exists.

2. Fix the Profile via Registry (Advanced approach)

2.1. Create Windows registry backup (Manual backup)

a) Backup Windows registry Using Registry Editor GUI tool (Manual Backup)

Open Registry Editor:

Press Win + R, type regedit, and press Enter.
If prompted by User Account Control (UAC), click Yes.

Backup the Entire Registry:

In the Registry Editor, click File → Export.

In the Export Registry File dialog:

Make sure Export range is set to All.

Name the file something descriptive like RegistryBackup_MMDDYY.

Choose a location to save the backup (e.g., Desktop or external drive). Click Save.

This creates a .reg file containing a full backup of your registry.

Backup Specific Keys (Optional):

Navigate to the key you want to backup.
Right-click it and select Export.
Save it as a .reg file for later restoration.

b) Create Windows registry Full backup with Command Prompt reg command

Open Command Prompt as administrator.

To backup the registry, use the reg command:

C:\Windows> reg export HKLM\Software C:\Backup\SoftwareBackup.reg

Replace HKLM\Software with the key you want to backup.
Replace C:\Backup\SoftwareBackup.reg with your desired file path.Press Enter to create the backup.

Run the Full Registry Backup Command

You’ll need to export the root keys individually, because reg export doesn’t allow exporting the entire registry in one command. Here’s the full set:

reg export HKCR C:\Backup\HKCR.reg /y
reg export HKCU C:\Backup\HKCU.reg /y
reg export HKLM C:\Backup\HKLM.reg /y
reg export HKU C:\Backup\HKU.reg /y
reg export HKCC C:\Backup\HKCC.reg /y

HKCR → HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
HKCU → HKEY_CURRENT_USER
HKLM → HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
HKU → HKEY_USERS
HKCC → HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIGC:\Backup\ → Folder where backups are saved (make sure the folder exists).
/y → Automatically overwrite existing files if they

After running these commands, you’ll have a full backup of the registry in separate .reg files.

Restoring the registry Backup (if later needed)

To restore:

reg import C:\Backup\HKCR.reg
reg import C:\Backup\HKCU.reg
reg import C:\Backup\HKLM.reg
reg import C:\Backup\HKU.reg
reg import C:\Backup\HKCC.reg

2.1. Open Registry Editor

Press Win + R, type:

C:\Windows> regedit

Navigate to:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\ProfileList

2.2. Look for Duplicate SID Entries

You may see two similar profile keys:

One ending in .bak
One without

If this happens:

Rename the normal one (add .old)
Remove .bak from the correct profile key
Make sure RefCount and State are set to 0

Restart your PC.

If this doesn’t work, use Method 1 instead.

2.3. Check Disk for Errors

Disk corruption can damage profiles.

Open Command Prompt as Administrator and run:

C:\Windows> chkdsk C: /f /r

You’ll be asked to schedule the scan on restart. Type Y and reboot.

2.4. Run System File Repair

Corrupted system files can also cause profile issues.

Run:

C:\Windows> sfc /scannow

Then:

C:\Windows> DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth

Restart after completion.

If multiple system errors occur, a full Windows repair installation may be necessary.

When to Consider an In-Place Repair

If profile recreation fails:

Download the latest Windows ISO
Mount it
Run setup.exe
Choose Keep personal files and apps

This repairs Windows without deleting data.

3. Restore (Copy) Application Data / Settings from Old Profile to New Profile

3.1. Copy Appdata Directory Application Settings

AppData Directory contains application settings. It has three subfolders:

C:\Users\OldProfile\AppData\Local C:\Users\OldProfile\AppData\LocalLow C:\Users\OldProfile\AppData\Roaming

Safe practice: Only copy folders/files for specific applications (like Chrome, Outlook, VSCode, etc.):

Examples:

N! B! Avoid copying the entire Local or Roaming folder blindly—it may bring back the corruption.

Roaming\Google\Chrome\User DataChrome:
Roaming\Mozilla\Firefox\ProfilesFirefox:
Roaming\Microsoft\Outlook or Local\Microsoft\OutlookOutlook:
VSCode: Roaming\Code\User

Copy Settings and Files

Log into the new profile.
Copy documents, pictures, and other personal files to their new locations.
For AppData:

Copy only specific app folders (like Chrome, Firefox, etc.).
Always overwrite carefully, don’t replace the entire profile folders.

If moving registry settings, double-check each .reg file before importing.

! Note !

3.2. Some Apps might be necessery to Reinstall or Reconfigure

Some apps store settings in the registry or protected locations; sometimes it’s safer to reinstall them in the new profile rather than copy files blindly.

Closing Summary

Recreating a corrupted Windows profile is usually faster and safer than trying to repair it.In most cases, creating a new administrator account and transferring your data solves the problem completely. In certain circumstances this might be a pain in the ass especially if you have a bitlocker enabled and for some reason you have forgotten or lost the Bitlocker encryption Key ! Beware not to !
If you have a company PC you should perhaps then contact your IT support team to provide you with the bitlocker data encryption key and with it hopefully you should be able to run Safe mode or recovery console.

If the issue keeps returning once you have recreated the Profile, then use BIOS / UEFI to check your disk health and rest of PC hardware is reporting okay and then ensure Windows Updates are installing correctly.

That's it hopefully your new Profile should be fine. Next step of course is to restore your old profile settings to be on the new profile.

Tags: bad sectors, cause, Click Delete, Copy Appdata Directory Application Settings, Corrupted Profile, create, Entire Registry, errors, HKCC, HKCR, HKCU, HKLM, HKU, installation, issues, Key Beware, logins, message, Navigate, New Local Administrator Account, new software, NTUSER, Open Registry Editor, Open Settings, Pc, personal data, profile settings, reg files, Restart, Run System File Repair, Temporary Profile, times, uac, Videos, working
Posted in Educational, OS Update, System Administration, Various, Windows | No Comments »

How to Fix Windows Update When It Says “Up to Date” But Updates Are Missing

Monday, March 2nd, 2026

Knowing your system isn’t fully updated as OS BUILD Release does not match the latest one it has to but still Windows Update insists everything is “green” good and “Up to date.” is really weird and frustrating stuff Windows user can experience. It makes it even worser if you are like me and your computer is in a large corporate domain that is using Azure (Office 365) services for Auth.

If some updates fail silently or don’t install properly, your notebook / PC may be missing important security patches, Video / Sound Driver / Chipset driver fixes, or feature improvements etc, and with time it can lead due to Windows domain applied policies to left over your computer be considered Unsafe or Broken even dis-joined from the Domain.

Why Windows Update Says Up to Date but Update Are missing Happens ?

There might be mutiple scenarios but Common causes include:

Corrupted update cache
Interrupted installations (PC got hard shut down electricity power outage or
laptop battery has discharged during update)
Broken Windows services (due to)
System file corruption (cause of viruses / malware or during mess left over of multiple windows updates over years)
Registry conflicts (Windows registry conflicts due to installed PC apps etc.)
Failed cumulative updates

Windows may mark updates as “processed” even if installation didn’t complete correctly.
Identifying Missing or Broken Windows updates is really hard sometimes.

Usually to capture it you will have to:
Check the Windows OS Build Release

from: Settings -> System -> About

In this guide, will walk through proven methods to fix Windows Update when it’s stuck or falsely reporting success.

1. Try PC Restart First

Before diving into advanced fixes:

Restart PC.
Go Check Settings → Windows Update → Check for updates again.

Sometimes updates are downloaded but waiting for a reboot to complete installation and thus this oddity is observed.

2. Run the Built-In Windows Update Troubleshooter

Both Windows 10 and Windows 11 include a built-in repair tool (that is starting to get Legacy nowadays but still sometimes can help)

Steps:

Open Settings
Go to System → Troubleshoot → Other troubleshooters
Find Windows Update
Click Run

Let it complete the scan and apply any recommended fixes. Most time this won’t solve it but as it is easy to try out give it a try.

3. Manually Reset Windows Update Components

If Windows still erroneously thinks everything is installed but something is broken internally, resetting the update components often solves the problem.

CleanUp SoftwareDistribution update cache folder is perhaps Most Effective FIX

Cleaning the C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution folder is actually one of the most effective fixes when Windows refuses to install updates but claims everything is up to date.

C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution

This is where Windows temporarily stores:

Downloaded update files
Update installation logs
Temporary metadata
Cached update database

If this cache becomes corrupted, Windows Update may:

Fail silently
Not detect new updates
Show “Up to date” incorrectly
Get stuck at 0% or 100%

This method works in both Windows 10 and Windows 11.

What Happens When You Delete SoftwareDistribution?

Deleting (or renaming) the folder:

Does NOT delete installed updates
Does NOT break Windows
Forces Windows to rebuild the update cache
Forces a fresh update scan

It’s completely safe if you do it correct.

Recommended Method (Play Safe)

N!B! Do NOT delete the folder while update services are running.

Step 1: Stop Windows Update Services

Open Command Prompt as Administrator and run:

net stop wuauserv
net stop bits
net stop cryptSvc
net stop msiserver

Wait until all services stop successfully.

Step 2: Rename the Update Folder (Safer Than Deleting)

Rename Update Folders

move C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution SoftwareDistribution.old

Enter in Windows Safe Mode (to enter it Press SHIFT and choose Restart)

Go to:

C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution

Rename it to:

C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution.old

If Windows refuses to move out, make sure services are stopped.

To do it via Safe Mode with Command Prompt only

move c:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution.old

Step 3: Restart Services

Back in Command Prompt:

net start wuauserv
net start bits
net start cryptSvc
net start msiserver

Restart Computer.

4. Use the Microsoft Update Catalog to Manually download recent applied
Update

Sometimes a specific update fails repeatedly but Windows doesn’t clearly report it.

You can manually download it from:

Microsoft Update Catalog

How to manually Instlal KB* Win update:

Find the KB number (for example: KB5030219)
Search for it in the catalog
Download the version matching your system (x64, ARM64, etc.)
Install manually

This bypasses Windows Update’s automatic system.

5. Use the Windows Installation Assistant

If feature updates (like 22H2 → 23H2) are not appearing, use:

Windows 11 Installation Assistant
Windows 10 Update Assistant

These tools force a full system upgrade while keeping files and apps intact.

6. Check for Corrupted System Files

Corrupted system files can prevent updates from applying properly.

Open Command Prompt as Administrator and run:

C:\Windows> sfc /scannow

Then run:

C:\Windows> DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth

After both scans complete, restart and try updating again.

7. Make Sure You’re Not Paused or you are on a Metered connection

Windows may appear updated if:

Updates are paused
Your connection is set as metered
You’re on a managed/work PC with update policies

Check:

Settings → Windows Update → Advanced options

8. Check Your Windows Version Manually

Press Win + R, type:

winver

Compare your version with the latest available on Microsoft’s official release page
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-en/windows/release-health/windows11-release-information
to confirm whether you’re truly up to date.

9. Update your Video / Audio / Motherboard Chipsets and peripheral drivers to latest

Depending on the laptop brand or PC, Check for latest available install drivers from the Internet and apply it to PC.
Dell / HP and ASUS / ACER / MSI Usually has their dedicated software that can do that quickly, i.e. as i'm using currently Dell notebook. There you can use Dell Comamnd Update / Dell SupportAssistant to do so.

10. Move catroot folder (to clean up Windows Update package signatures)

What is catroot2 ?

The catroot2 folder is used by Microsoft Windows to store:

Windows Update package signatures
Cryptographic catalog files (.cat files)
Data used by the Cryptographic Services component
Information needed to validate and install updates
It plays a critical role in verifying update integrity.

move C:\Windows\System32\catroot2 catroot2.old

is used as a repair step for Windows Update issues because it resets the Catroot2 folder, which stores important update-related data.

11. Perform an In-Place Repair Upgrade (Last Resort)

If nothing works:

Download the latest Windows ISO (Windows Installation Assistant)
Mount it
Run setup.exe
Choose Keep personal files and apps

This reinstalls Windows without deleting your data and fixes deeply broken update components.

12. If none of these helps check Windows Logs for a clue

If you want to go even deeper, check Event Viewer logs under:

Windows Logs → Setup

That will show detailed update errors and will helpfully give you the clue on how to fix it.

Summary / close up

If Windows says “Up to date” but you suspect missing updates, don’t ignore it, as soon your OS will either become messed or you will miss critical Performance and Performance improvements / Stability Features. Even if PC continues work relatively stable the missing Security patches would be critical, and the computer exposure to the internet lefts you as an easy victim for your computer to be hacked or infected by some kind of encryption / ransomware worm etc. In most cases, the updates did not apply due to easy solvable issue and simple reset update components, a clean up of Update cache or manually installing the update solves the problem and WIndows gets back to the wanted OS update release. If this does not happen however you should check the system for Main system corrupted files

Tags: again, cause, complete, Corrupted System Files, download, due, everything, exe, Go Check Settings Windows Update Check, Manually Reset Windows Update Components, Pc, Rename Update Folders, Restart Services, Search, setup, Stability Features, Stop Update Services, store, type, updates, Windows Installation Assistant, Windows Logs Setup
Posted in OS Update, Security, System Administration, Windows | No Comments »

Fix Windows error: The referenced account is currently locked out / Sign in Option is Disabled

Sunday, March 1st, 2026

the-referrenced-account-is-currently-locked-out-and-may-not-be-logged-on-to

This error means your Windows account is temporarily locked due to too many failed password attempts. It is a security feature, usually lasting about 30 minutes to an hour before it automatically unlocks. To resolve it immediately, wait for the lockout period to expire, use another admin account, or log in to a different account.

How to Fix the Locked Account Error

Check Local Account/Safe Mode: If you have another admin account on the computer, log in with it,

open cmd as Administrator, and type cmd:

C:\Windows\System32> net user yourusername /active:yes

to unlock it.

Alternatively, boot into Safe Mode to access the system. To do so Hold continuosly (Right or Left Shift key), while on the Windows Login Prompt and choose Restart.

Wait like this until PC boots and choose the Appearing Troubleshoot -> Console option.

From recovery console to list the users:

C:\Windows\System32> net user

Check Time/Date (are correct)

Ensure your system's time and date are accurate, as discrepancies can cause authentication failures.

Wait it Out

The simplest annoying fix is waiting 30–60 minutes, as the account will automatically unlock itself.
Restart the Computer: A simple reboot can sometimes clear temporary policy locks.
Use an Administrator Account: If it is a domain account, contact your IT helpdesk (if you have such) to unlock it.

Account Unlock Method 2: Unlock Windows Locked Account via lusrmgr.msc

If you could still log into your computer using another administrator account, you can open the Local Users and Groups snap-in (lusrmgr.msc) and unlock any locked Windows account easily.

1. Press the Windows + R keys to open the Run dialog, type lusrmgr.msc, and click OK.

lusrmgr.msc

2. Click the Users folder in the left pane of Local Users and Groups snap-in. Next, right-click on your locked account in the middle pane and then select Properties.

3. Under the General tab, uncheck the option labelled Account is locked out, and then click Apply to unlock your account. That's it!

account-properties-account-is-locked-out-fix-windows-locked-account.png

Unlock locked windows Admin account with linux

Unlocking a locked Windows local account using Linux is achieved by booting from a live Linux USB (such as Ubuntu or Kali Linux) and using the chntpw (Change NT Password) utility to edit the Windows Security Accounts Manager (SAM) database. This method works for local accounts, but not for online Microsoft accounts.

Prerequisites

A USB drive (min 8GB) to create a bootable Linux live environment.
The chntpw utility (installed by default on Kali Linux, or installed via sudo apt install chntpw on other distributions).
Crucial: Disable Fast Startup in Windows or ensure a full shutdown (hold Shift while clicking Shut Down) to prevent the partition from being locked in read-only mode.

Step-by-Step Guide: Using chntpw command

Create and Boot Live USB: Download a Linux ISO (e.g., Ubuntu, Kali), burn it to a USB using Rufus or Etcher, and boot the locked computer from this USB.
Mount Windows Partition:
Open a terminal and identify your Windows drive:

# fdisk -l

Mount the partition (e.g./dev/sda2):

# mkdir /mnt/windows
# mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/windows

Navigate to SAM Registry:

# cd /mnt/windows/Windows/System32/config/

List Users: Run the following to list users and find the RID (Relative ID) for your account:

# chntpw -l SAM

Edit User / Unlock Account:
Run the interactive tool for your username (replace username):

# chntpw -u username SAM

To unlock: Press 2 to unlock and enable the user account.
To clear password: Press 1 to clear the password.
Save Changes: When asked "Write hive files?", type y and press Enter.
Reboot:

# umount /mnt/windows
# reboot

Account Unlock Method 3: Unlock Windows Locked Account with PCUnlocker (boot CD image)

Sometimes you might get your only admin account locked out after successive failed login attempts.

For security if you are a paranoid sysadmin who configured to automatically unlock the account, you'll be permanently locked out of Windows box and none of the usual tricks work to get you back in, then a boot CD like PCUnlocker would be perhaps the only option.

Enterprise_Edition_program-to-unlock-locked-Windows-administrator-Account-using-boot-windows-ISO-program2

Download the PCUnlocker utility (ZIP archive) and save it to your desktop or another place you can get to easily. Extract the ZIP file to your local drive and you'll get an ISO file.
Next, burn the ISO file to a blank CD using your favorite image burning program. If you want to install PCUnlocker onto a USB flash drive, I recommend using the freeware like ISO2Disc.

Enterprise_Edition_program-to-unlock-locked-Windows-administrator-Account-using-boot-windows-ISO-program

Boot your locked computer from the CD just burned.

To to so, you may need to change the BIOS boot order so the CD drive option is listed first (if it is not already done in BIOS).
After successfully booting from the CD, PCUnlocker will list out all accounts on your computer available to manage.

Under the "Locked Out" column in the list, you can see which account is locked out already.

Choose your locked account / click on Reset Password button.
It will quickly unlock your Windows account and remove the existing password.
Remove the disc from PC. Restart it and log in as you normally do, but leave the password field empty.
You should be in!

After fixing the "The referenced account is currently locked out and may not be logged on to" error.|
Consider setting a new Windows password that is hard to guess but easy to remember, or change the account lockout policy in Windows, to prevent account to be locked out in future.

Tags: admin, administrator account, authentication, Check Time Date, Computer, contact, due, fix, Fix Windows, List Users Run, Mount Windows Partition, Navigate, Open, period, Reboot, resolve, Save Changes, setting, system, wait
Posted in Computer Security, Curious Facts, Windows | No Comments »

Check and Fix: “w32tm /query /source – The service has not been started” (Windows Time Service Error)

Thursday, February 12th, 2026

Some people are still forced to run Windows 10 due to hardware limitations on Legacy desktop PCs and Laptops as Windows 11 does not support all hardware. Hence the Windows Automatic Time Synchronization service might not have been started properly (is failing) and due to that the system clock might be slowing down or up from the actual time. This is a rare issue you might encounter but if you're physically situated on a place with very slow internet connection and / or on an 10 years+ old Gamer PC with Windows 10 you might encounter it under some specific unlucky circumstances combination, like very slow internet or using some kind of damaged windows due to failed Windows updates or due to running some unlicensed copy of Windows (which you should not!) etc.
Perhaps Windows time synchronization issues miight be caused due to BIOS / UEFI time setting misconfiguration causing the PC clock to be back in time with minutes / hours or in future mis-synchronized.
This perhaps could could happen even on more modern 356 Domain connected PCs / notebooks running on modern Windows 11?

In this article I'll give you an easy way how to resolve Windows Clock (Timing) issues by running few standard Windows commands in
Windows Administrator Prompt (elevated) cmd.exe line:

Run cmd.exe as Administartor: and try to get information on the configured time server:

sc query w32time

Usually that won't produce a good result if your clock is not properly synching with Windows Time server via the w32time service, to further debug run cmd:

w32tm /query /source

If you run the command:

and receive the error:

The following error occurred: 
The service has not been started. (0x80070426)

it means the Windows Time (W32Time) service is not running on your system.

This service is responsible for synchronizing your computer’s clock with an internet time server or domain controller. Without it, time sync will not work properly.

Why This Error Happens

The error usually appears when:

The Windows Time service is disabled
The service was stopped manually
System policies disabled time synchronization
The PC was recently restored or cloned

Below is how to fix it quickly.

Solution 1 : Start the Windows Time Service

Open Command Prompt as Administrator and run:

net start w32time

After it starts successfully, verify the time source:

 
w32tm /query /source

Solution 2: Set the Service to Start Automatically

If the problem keeps happening after reboot, set the service startup type to Automatic:

sc config w32time start= auto
net start w32time

Note: There must be a space after start= .

Solution 3: Re-register the Windows Time Service

If the service fails to start, try re-registering it:

w32tm /unregister
w32tm /register
net start w32time

Then force time synchronization:

w32tm /resync

Solution 4: Configure an NTP Server Manually

If no time source is configured, set one manually:

w32tm /config /manualpeerlist:"time.windows.com,0x8" \
/syncfromflags:manual /update
net stop w32time
net start w32time
w32tm /resync

You can also use other NTP servers such as for example:

pool.ntp.org
time.google.com

Alternative: Start the Service via Services Console services.msc

Press Win + R
Type services.msc
Find Windows Time
Set Startup type to Automatic
Click Start

Finally Check time server syncs fine

After fixing the issue, confirm everything works:

 w32tm /query /status 
w32tm /query /source

If a valid NTP server or domain controller is displayed, the issue is resolved.

Tags: Below, com, configured, domain controller, due, example, Find Windows Time, fixing, internet connection, internet time server, issue, ntp, occurred, properly, running, Services Console, system clock, time synchronization
Posted in System Administration, Various, Windows | No Comments »

Windows 10 install local Proxy server to Save bandwidth on a slow and limited Mobile Phone HotSpot network Shared connections

Wednesday, August 20th, 2025

If you're running on Internet ISP that is providing via a Internet / Wifi Router device with a 3G / 4G / 5G etc. but your receiving point location is situated somewhere very far in a places like High mountains lets say Rila Mountain or Alps on a very distant places where Internet coverate of Inetner Service Provider is low or very low but you need still to Work / Play / Entertain on the Net frequently.
Hence you will cenrtainly be looking for a ways to Speed Up / Optimize the Internet connectivity somehow.
You cannot do miracles but certainly the daily operations and a pack up of repeating traffic can be achieved by using installing and using simple local proxy server.

The advantages of using a proxy are even more besides the speed up of Internet connection lines, here is the Pros you get by using the proxy:

Using Caches frequently accessed content (e.g., images, scripts, web pages).
Blocks ads and trackers (reduces bandwidth).
Compresses data (if needed)
Can serve multiple local devices if needed.

To save bandwidth on a slow and limited connectivity Internet router or mobile phone hotspot using Windows 10, you can install a local proxy server that:

Here’s a step-by-step guide to set this up:

Install a local caching proxy server on Windows 10 to reduce bandwidth usage over a mobile hotspot.

1. Install Squid (Caching Proxy Server)

Squid is a powerful and widely used open-source caching proxy.

Download Squid for Windows

Download Squid for Windows from:

https://squid.acmeconsulting.it/download (Unofficial, stable build)

or compile it manually (if you're having an own Linux or BSD router that is passing on the traffic)

2. Install Squid Proxy sever on Windows

2.1. Extract or install the downloaded Squid package.

…

2.2. Install it as a Windows Service

Open Command Prompt (Admin) and run:

C:\\Users\\hipo\\Downloads> squid -i

Initialize cache directories:

C:\\Users\\hipo\\Downloads> squid -z

3. Configure Squid Proxy via squid.conf

3.1. Open squid.conf

usually in

C:\\Squid\\etc\\squid\\squid.conf

3.2. Edit key lines:

http_port 3128
cache_dir ufs c:/squid/var/cache 100 16 256
access_log c:/squid/var/logs/access.log
cache_log c:/squid/var/logs/cache.log
maximum_object_size 4096 KB
cache_mem 64 MB

3.3. Allow local access:

acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16
http_access allow localnet

(Adjust IP ranges according to your network.)

Here's a ready-to-use Squid configuration file optimized for Running on Windows 10:

Caching web content to save bandwidth
Blocking ads and trackers
Allowing local device connections

Location for the squid Config File

The Windows squid installer should have setup the Squid proxy by default inside C:\Squid so the full path to squid.conf should be:
Place this as

squid.conf

in:

C:\\Squid\\etc\\squid\\squid.conf

# BASIC CONFIGURATION
http_port 3128
visible_hostname localhost

# CACHE SETTINGS
cache_mem 128 MB
maximum_object_size 4096 KB
maximum_object_size_in_memory 512 KB
cache_dir ufs c:/squid/var/cache 100 16 256
cache_log c:/squid/var/logs/cache.log
access_log c:/squid/var/logs/access.log

# DNS
dns_nameservers 8.8.8.8 1.1.1.1

# ACLs (Access Control Lists)
acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/32
acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16
acl Safe_ports port 80 # HTTP
acl Safe_ports port 443 # HTTPS
acl Safe_ports port 21 # FTP
acl CONNECT method CONNECT

# BLOCKED DOMAINS (Ad/Tracking)
acl ads dstdomain .doubleclick.net .googlesyndication.com .googleadservices.com
acl ads dstdomain .ads.yahoo.com .adnxs.com .track.adform.net
http_access deny ads

# SECURITY & ACCESS CONTROL
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow localnet
http_access deny !Safe_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access deny all

# REFRESH PATTERNS (Cache aggressively)
refresh_pattern ^ftp: 1440 20% 10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher: 1440 0% 1440
refresh_pattern -i \.jpg$ 10080 90% 43200
refresh_pattern -i \.png$ 10080 90% 43200
refresh_pattern -i \.gif$ 10080 90% 43200
refresh_pattern -i \.css$ 10080 90% 43200
refresh_pattern -i \.js$ 10080 90% 43200
refresh_pattern -i \.html$ 1440 90% 10080
refresh_pattern . 0 20% 4320

# LOGGING
logfile_rotate 10

4. Start the Squid Win Service from Admin command prompt

C:\Users\hipo> net start squid

5. Test the Proxy

Set the proxy server in your Windows proxy settings:

Go to Settings > Network & Internet > Proxy
Enable Manual proxy setup:

Address: 127.0.0.1

Port: 3128

Browse the web — Squid will now cache content locally.

Make sure

C:\Squid\var\cache

and

C:\Squid\var\logs

exist.

You can expand the ad block list by importing public blocklists. Let me know if you want help with that.

To share this proxy with other local devices, ensure they’re on the same network and allowed via ACL.

6. Block Ads and Save More Bandwidth with the Proxy

You can modify Squid to:

Block ad domains (using

acl

rules or a blacklist)

Limit download sizes

Restrict background updates or telemetry

Example rule to block a domain:

acl ads dstdomain .doubleclick.net .ads.google.com http_access deny ads

7. Use Aternative lightweight Proxy Privoxy (Lightweight filtering proxy)

What is Privoxy?

Privoxy is a lightweight, highly customizable proxy server focused on privacy protection, content filtering, and web page optimization.

Unlike caching proxies (like Squid), Privoxy doesn’t store data locally—but it filters and blocks unnecessary traffic before it even reaches your browser.

7.1. Why Use Privoxy to Speed Up Internet?

Here's how Privoxy helps:

Feature	Benefit
Blocks Ads & Banners	*Reduces page load size and clutter*
Stops Trackers	Prevents background data requests
Filters Pop-ups	Improves usability and safety
Speeds Up Web Browsing	By stripping unwanted content
Low Resource Usage	Works on older or low-spec systems

Privoxy is easier to set up than Squid and usually much more simple and fits well if you want something simpler and more light weight and is also great for ad/tracker blocking.
To install and use it it comes to 4 simple steps

Download from: https://www.privoxy.org/
Install and run it.
Configure browser/system to use proxy lets say on:

127.0.0.1:8118
Customize

config.txt

to add block rules.

7.2. Configure Your Web Browser or System Proxy

Set your browser/system to use the local Privoxy proxy:

Proxy address:

127.0.0.1

Port:

8118

On Windows:

Go to Settings > Network & Internet > Proxy

Enable Manual Proxy Setup

Enter:

Address:

127.0.0.1

Port:

8118

Save

7.3: Enable Privoxy Filtering and Blocking Rules

Privoxy comes with built-in rules for:

Ad blocking
Tracker blocking
Cookie management
Script filtering

You can customize filters in the configuration files via following configs:

Main config:

C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Privoxy\\config

Action files:

C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Privoxy\\default.action

Filter files:

C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Privoxy\\default.filter

7.4. Example to Block All Ads with Privoxy

Look in

default.action

and ensure these are uncommented:

{ +block }

Or add specific ad server domains:

{ +block{Ad Servers} }
.com.doubleclick.net
.ads.google.com
.adnxs.com

You can further use community-maintained blocklists for stronger Ads filtering.

Privoxy does not compress traffic, so to speed up even further with privoxy you might Compress traffic to do so use ziproxy (the http traffic compressor).

Now all your HTTP traffic is routed through Privoxy and you will notice search engines and repeatingly accessed websites pictures and Internet resources such as css / javscript / htmls etc. will give a boost !

Tags: Blocks, Blocks Ads Banners, com, configured, connections, domain, Edit, filtering, Install Squid Proxy, logs, miracles, net, Open Command Prompt Admin, Proxy Privoxy Lightweight, proxy server, requests, Restart, Settings Network Internet Proxy, sourceforge, squid, Use Aternative, var, web content, Windows, Windows Service, www, youtube
Posted in Computer Security, Curious Facts, Windows | No Comments »

Fix Update KB5060999 Not Installing On Windows 11 Version 23H2/22H2 / Fix windows Update failed

Thursday, July 24th, 2025

fix-Update-KB5060999-Not_Installing_On_Windows_11_Version_23H2_22H2-howto-update-screenshot

Recently I've stumbled across a very annoying issue on my work Laptop. Suddenly windows stopped being upadted it took me really long time of hours of researching to find out how to resolve the error:

Fix Update KB5060999 Not Installing On Windows 11 Version 23H2/22H2 / Fix windows Update failed

After a lot of catch / tries I can manage to Find a fix Thanks God!

Here are the few steps I took to resolve it, first I've taken all the steps pointed at the Complete Guide Windows Problems it took really long time but even thouigh I did not manage to resolve the issue it give a lot of understanding on different ways of how windows components stick together and how to debug and solve errors if such ones occurs. Thus I warmly recommend it to anyone working as HelpDesk support admin within corporation or if you are a Windows specialist who makes a living from resolving weird unexpected Windows errors for some little money.

Once I went through a lot of underwater stones and nothing word finally I managed to solve it by following these concrete steps:

1. Check logs and find error message / problems in CBS.log

C:\> notepad c:\windows\Logs\CBS\CBS.log

The root of the issue I found there as a repeating error messages is:

"InternalOpenPackage failed for Package_for_KB3025096~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~6.4.1.0 [HRESULT = 0x800f0805 – CBS_E_INVALID_PACKAGE]"

2. Download from Windows catalog the Update

windows11.0-kb5049624-x64-ndp481_6990e824379adc100fd7895adb30e692697381d7.msu to C:\User\myuser\Downloads

3. Use Winrar or 7Zip to extract the msu in local Directory

E.g.open Administrator command line cmd.exe extract in lets say in \Users\Username\Downloads\
windows11.0-kb5049624-x64-ndp481_6990e824379adc100fd7895adb30e692697381d7

C:\Users/a768839/Downloads/windows11.0-kb5049624-x64-ndp481_6990e824379adc100fd7895adb30e692697381d7 > dir
WSUSSCAN.cab

4. Remove old package existing on the Windows 11 OS with the same name using DISM tool with /online /remove-package options

C:\Users\myuser\Downloads\windows11.0-kb5049624-x64-ndp481_6990e824379adc100fd7895adb30e692697381d7>DISM /online /remove-package /packagepath:C:\Users\a768839\Downloads\windows11.0-kb5049624-x64-ndp481_6990e824379adc100fd7895adb30e692697381d7\Windows11.0-KB5049624-x64-NDP481.cab Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool Version: 10.0.22621.2792 Image Version: 10.0.22631.5335 Processing 1 of 1 – Removing package Package_for_DotNetRollup_481~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.9294.1 [==========================100.0%================]
The operation completed successfully.

5. Use DISM /online /add-package to manually insatall windows11.0-kb5049624-x64-ndp481_6990e824379adc100fd7895adb30e692697381d7\Windows11.0-KB5049624-x64-NDP481.cab

Assuming you have already downloaded previously and exctracted the .msu file and you have the .cab file at hand run again as cmd.exe Admin

C:\Users\myuser\Downloads\windows11.0-kb5049624-x64-ndp481_6990e824379adc100fd7895adb30e692697381d7>DISM /online /add-package /packagepath:C:\Users\a768839\Downloads\windows11.0-kb5049624-x64-ndp481_6990e824379adc100fd7895adb30e692697381d7\Windows11.0-KB5049624-x64-NDP481.cab Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool Version: 10.0.22621.2792 Image Version: 10.0.22631.5335 Processing 1 of 1 – Adding package Package_for_DotNetRollup_481~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.9294.1 [==========================100.0%==========================] The operation completed successfully.

The idea to remove and install the failing package found in the CBS.log was initially found on
http://datadump.ru/windows-update-error-800f0831/

6. Force a Windows chkdsk (Check disk on next restart) to make sure no physical hard drive or some other inode Windows Filesystem errors are there

Within same Admin cmd.exe

C:\Users\myuser\> chkdsk /f C:\

Once command executes reboot the PC and wait for the chkdsk scan to complete and PC to Boot as usual

7. Stop / start wuauserv and do sfc /scannow to refresh some Windows update components

Run following set of commands within Admin cmd

C:\> net stop wuauserv
C:\> command prompt in admin mode
C:\> dism /online /cleanup-image /startcomponentcleanup
C:\> sfc /scannow
C:\> restart
C:\> sfc /scannow
C:\> net start wuauserv

8. Download Manually failing update from Windows catalog download site:

As of time of writting this article the URL to download is https://catalog.update.microsoft.com/Search.aspx?q=KB5049624%20%20

C:\Users\myuser\Downloads> dir *.msu
windows11.0-kb5060999-x64_99e39c1cf8a8976d9b3313efb38069876c417f70.msu

9. Run Manually again failing Update from command line

Run cmd as Administrator and exec the file:

C:\Users\myuser\Downloads\windows11.0-kb5060999-x64_99e39c1cf8a8976d9b3313efb38069876c417f70.msu

Wait for the install to complete The computer will need to restart

10. Resync the device to the Computer Domain (mandatory step) only if your PC is part of large organizational Domain

Open Microsoft Store / Company Portal and Sync the device (if necessery)

Settings -> Sync

11. Force the PC to sync itself with remote Global Domain policies (mandatory only if PC is part of Domain)

C:\Users\myuser> gpupdate /force
C:\Users\myuser> repadmin /showrepl

Wait for Synchronization and wait for some time for computer compliancy to get back to normal (Computer compliancy might not be an issue if this is a Personal Windows installation) but for computers part of Larger Windows Domains, where a Domain policy requires a compliancy to set of rules)

To come up with this guide and better understand what is going on to resolve it I have to thank my colleague Eduard for assisting me to read the CBS.log and analyze it and also the following forum thread reading explaining what causes the mysterious windows update Update KB5060999 Not Installing On Windows 11 Version 23H2/22H2 to fail.

Tags: amd64, aspx, cmd, command, command prompt, download, exec, forum thread, hard drive, issue, log, logs, long time, lot, make, Management, net, online, OS, Pc, refresh, resolve, run, sync, update, Users Username Downloads, wait, Windows
Posted in Everyday Life, Hacks, System Administration, Windows | No Comments »

How to Fix Windows Update Problems: A Complete Guide

Friday, July 11th, 2025

Windows Update is essential for keeping your Windows system secure, stable, and up to date to be on track with latest security patches and (for those working in large corporations) for the PC to be compliant to Company / Corporation / Domain security defined policies and standards. However, users often encounter issues like updates failing to install, being stuck at a certain percentage, or causing error messages. Whether you're using Windows 10 or Windows 11, this guide walks you through proven steps to fix Windows Update problems.

Common Symptoms of Windows Update Issues

Before diving into the solutions, it helps to identify typical signs of update problems:

Updates stuck at 0%, 35%, or 100%
Update error codes like 0x80070002, 0x800f081f, or 0x8024a105
"Windows Update Failed" or "There were problems installing updates"
PC crashes or slowdowns after an update
Restart loops or repeated update attempts

Step-by-Step Guide to Fix Windows Update Problems

1. Restart Your PC and rerun updates

Sometimes (very rarely) a simple reboot clears temporary glitches in the update process.

Steps:

Click Start > Power > Restart
Try running Windows Update again

2. Run the Windows Update Troubleshooter

Windows includes a built-in tool that can automatically detect and fix common update problems.

Steps:

Open Settings > System > Troubleshoot > Other troubleshooters
Find Windows Update and click Run
Follow the prompts and apply any fixes it suggests

3. Check Your Internet Connection

A slow or intermittent connection can prevent updates from downloading or installing.

Tips:

Ensure a stable connection
Avoid using mobile hotspots during large updates
Try a wired Ethernet connection if possible

4. Free Up Disk Space

Windows Update needs adequate space to download and install updates.

To free space:

Open Settings > System > Storage
Use Storage Sense or manually delete:
- Temporary files
- Old downloads
- Unused programs

5. Manually Restart Windows Update Services

Windows Update relies on several background services. Restarting them can resolve stuck updates.

Steps:

Press

Windows + R

, type

services.msc

and press Enter
Find and restart the following:
- Windows Update
- Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS)
- Cryptographic Services
Right-click each > Restart

6. Clear the Windows Update Cache (SoftwareDistribution Folder)

Corrupted update files in the SoftwareDistribution folder can cause problems.

Steps:

Press

Windows + R (key)

type

Right-click > Run as Administrator
Stop update services:

net stop wuauserv
net stop bits
Delete the update cache:

Cmd line

del /f /s /q %windir%\SoftwareDistribution\
Restart services:

net start wuauserv net start bits
Try updating again

7. Use the System File Checker (SFC) and DISM Tools

Corrupt system files can interfere with updates.

Steps:

Open Command Prompt as Administrator
Run SFC from cmd line:

sfc /scannow
After it completes, run DISM:

DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth

These commands check for system corruption and repair it.

8. Install Updates Manually via Microsoft Update Catalog

If a specific update keeps failing, download and install it manually.

Steps:

Go to: https://www.catalog.update.microsoft.com/
Search the KB number of the failed update
Download the correct version for your system
Run the installer

9. Pause and Resume Updates

This can force Windows to reattempt updates cleanly.

Steps:

Open Settings > Windows Update
Click Pause updates for 1 week
Restart your PC
Go back and click Resume updates

10. Perform an In-Place Upgrade (Repair Install)

If nothing else works, a repair install reinstalls Windows while keeping your files and apps.

Steps:

Download the Media Creation Tool from Microsoft
Choose Upgrade this PC now
Follow prompts and select Keep personal files and apps

This replaces system files and refreshes Windows Update components.

11. Use WuFix.bat script that refreshes services

wufix.bat

SC config trustedinstaller start=auto
net stop bits
net stop wuauserv
net stop msiserver
net stop cryptsvc
net stop appidsvc
Ren %Systemroot%\SoftwareDistribution SoftwareDistribution.old
Ren %Systemroot%\System32\catroot2 catroot2.old
regsvr32.exe /s atl.dll
regsvr32.exe /s urlmon.dll
regsvr32.exe /s mshtml.dll
netsh winsock reset
netsh winsock reset proxy
rundll32.exe pnpclean.dll,RunDLL_PnpClean /DRIVERS /MAXCLEAN
dism /Online /Cleanup-image /ScanHealth
dism /Online /Cleanup-image /CheckHealth
dism /Online /Cleanup-image /RestoreHealth
dism /Online /Cleanup-image /StartComponentCleanup
Sfc /ScanNow
net start bits
net start wuauserv
net start msiserver
net start cryptsvc
net start appidsvc

12. Contact Microsoft or other tech guru Help

If problems persist even after trying the above methods, consider:

Contacting Microsoft Support
Consulting with a local technician
Performing a clean install (as a last resort)

13. Few Final Tips for Smooth Windows Updates

Always back up important data before major updates
Keep drivers and antivirus software up to date
Avoid interrupting the PC during updates
Check for known issues on Microsoft’s support site before installing major feature updates

14. Advanced Commands and Additional Ways to Fix Windows Update Problems

These methods go deeper into system-level repairs and are ideal when the basic fixes fail.

14.1. Reset Windows Update Components Manually (Full Command Script)

Instead of just clearing the cache, reset all update-related services and components.

Steps:

Open Command Prompt as Administrator, and run these commands one at a time:

net stop wuauserv
net stop cryptSvc
net stop bits
net stop msiserver

Rename update-related folders:

ren C:/\Windows/\SoftwareDistribution SoftwareDistribution.old ren C:/\Windows/\System32/\catroot2 catroot2.old

Restart the services:

net start wuauserv
net start cryptSvc
net start bits
net start msiserver

This fully resets the update components.

14.2. Use PowerShell to Re-register Update DLLs

Sometimes DLLs (Dynamic Link Libraries) related to updates become unregistered.

Run this in PowerShell (Admin):

regsvr32 wuaueng.dll regsvr32 wups.dll regsvr32 wups2.dll regsvr32 wuwebv.dll regsvr32 wucltui.dll

14.3. Use PowerShell to Force Update Scan and Install

Open PowerShell as Administrator, and run:

Install-Module PSWindowsUpdate -Force Import-Module PSWindowsUpdate Get-WindowsUpdate Install-WindowsUpdate -AcceptAll -AutoReboot

You may be prompted to install NuGet or trust the repository—accept these prompts.

14.4. Enable Update Services via Registry Editor (Caution)

If your update services are being disabled by group policy or a third-party app, you can reset the registry settings.

Steps:

Press

Win + R

→ type

regedit

→ Enter
Navigate to:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\WindowsUpdate\AU
Delete values like NoAutoUpdate, AUOptions, etc.
Also check:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\wuauserv
- Ensure Start is set to 2 (automatic)

Always back up your registry before editing!

14.5. Check Group Policy Settings (Windows Pro or Enterprise)

Group Policy can block updates.

Steps:

Press

Win + R

→ type

gpedit.msc

→ Enter
Navigate to:

Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > Windows Components > Windows Update
Check and disable any restrictive settings like:
- No auto-restart with logged on users
- Configure Automatic Updates
- Do not connect to any Windows Update Internet locations

14.6. Use the Windows Update Assistant

Download the latest Windows Update Assistant from the Microsoft website or Windows 11 equivalent.

This tool bypasses built-in update problems
It can force the latest feature update or build version

14.7. Delete Windows Update Pending.xml File

Sometimes updates fail due to a corrupted

Pending.xml

file.

Steps:

Open Command Prompt as Administrator
Run:

del %windir%\winsxs\pending.xml

This is advanced; use only if you're stuck with a failed update loop.

14.8. Use Event Viewer to Identify Update Errors

Event Viewer can show exactly which update or process is failing.

Steps:

Press

Win + X

→ Event Viewer
Navigate to:

Windows Logs > System
Filter by Error and Warning
Look for sources like:
- WindowsUpdateClient
- CBS (Component-Based Servicing)
- WUSA

Note any error codes or update KB numbers.

14.9. Use Deployment Image Servicing and Management (DISM) from ISO

DISM can be more powerful when pointed to a known good source like an ISO image.

Steps:

Mount a Windows ISO (right-click > Mount)
Note the drive letter (e.g., D:)
Run in CMD (Admin):

cmd.exe

DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth /Source:D:\Sources\install.wim /LimitAccess

Replace

D:\

with the correct drive.

14.10. Revert Problematic Updates Using Recovery or Uninstall

If an update caused system problems:

Option A: Uninstall via Settings

Go to Settings > Windows Update > Update History > Uninstall updates

Option B: From Advanced Startup

Hold

while clicking Restart
Go to Troubleshoot > Advanced Options > Uninstall Updates

15.How to install Windows 11 without losing files (Re-install windows with keeping All stored files)

15.1. Download and Use the Media Creation Tool:

Download the Media Creation Tool from Microsoft's website.

a) Go to this website:
www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windows11

b) Click Download Now.

c) Open the file you downloaded.
Double-click it.

d) Accept everything.
Click Accept and Install.

e) Important:
When it asks about keeping files, select:

f) Keep personal files and apps

Wait until it finishes.

Your PC will restart many times.

g) After install:
Your files and programs will still be there.
Run the tool and choose to create installation media for another PC.
Select your language, architecture, and edition of Windows.
Choose to create either a USB flash drive or an ISO file.
Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the process.

15.2 Perform a Clean Install or In-place Upgrade:

Clean Install: This will erase all your personal files, apps, and settings, so be sure to back up your data if you choose this option.
In-place Upgrade: This will keep your files, apps, and settings while reinstalling Windows. This is a good option if you want to try and preserve your existing setup.
To perform an in-place upgrade, boot from the installation media and choose the "Upgrade" option, according to Microsoft Support.

1️⃣ Go to this website:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windows11

2️⃣ Download “Installation Assistant.”
Click Download Now.

3️⃣ Open the file you downloaded.
Double-click it.

4️⃣ Accept everything.
Click Accept and Install.

5️⃣ Important:
When it asks about keeping files, select:
✅ Keep personal files and apps

6️⃣ Wait until it finishes.

Your PC will restart many times.

It can take 1–2 hours.

After install, Your files and programs will still be there. But anyways just in case don't forget to create a full backup of everything important before you started.

Summary of Useful Commands

Purpose	Command or Tool
Stop Update Services	`net stop wuauserv etc.`
Delete Update Cache	*`del %windir%\SoftwareDistribution\.* /s /q`**
Run SFC	`sfc /scannow`
Run DISM	`DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth`
PowerShell Update Module	`Install-Module PSWindowsUpdate`
Force Install Updates	`Install-WindowsUpdate -AcceptAll`
Reset Update Components (Full)	See above command sequence
Manual Update via Catalog

Conclusion

Windows Update problems can be frustrating, but they’re usually fixable with a methodical approach. From restarting services to clearing cache and running built-in tools, this guide covers all essential fixes. Staying updated ensures your PC remains secure, efficient, and compatible with the latest software.

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Posted in Everyday Life, Windows | No Comments »

How to install BASH and use shell scripting on Windows ?

Thursday, June 26th, 2025

install-bash-on-windows-run-and-use-shellscripting-on-windows-howto

Bash (Bourne Again SHell) is definitely a technology that will stay for years to come its simplicity and multi-platoformness is a factor that will definitely continue for many years thus even though it is mostly used on Linux / BSD / Unix, its application on Windows OS-es nowadays is perhaps increasing. Hence since so many people use Winodws nowdays (for work) it is really useful to have Bash set-up on Windows host machine.
In this article, I'll shortly explain how this is done, the article will not have anything too much interesting for the advanced admin or dev ops guy, but I hope people who are entering the business of system administration and high level computing and still orienting might benefit from it.

To install and use Bash shell terminal in Windows there are at least 3 ways:

Use Git Bash (Download and install it directly precompiled on WIndows)
Use Windows WSL emulation (install some Linux distro)
Use Virtualbox / Vagrant / VMware / Hyper-V emulation and install VM from public ISO image.

As a Free Software Lover, I would recommend and always prefer to use the Free Software alternative if that is possible and thanksfully usually I use and install Git Bash or completely install Cygwin (Full set of Linux tools to run like native on Windows together with Mobaxterm) together.

1. Installing Git Bash on Windows (uses MinGW Minimalist GNU for Windows)

Some might prefer to not use Microsoft for managing their bash especially the more freedom in mind people who like GNU and Free software and people.

MinGW is well known among free and open source enthusiasts.
It includes a port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), GNU Binutils for Windows (assembler, linker, archive manager), a set of freely distributable Windows specific header files and static import libraries which enable the use of the Windows API, a Windows native build of the GNU Project's GNU Debugger, and miscellaneous utilities.

MinGW does not rely on third-party C runtime dynamic-link library (DLL) files, and because the runtime libraries are not distributed using the GNU General Public License (GPL), it is not necessary to distribute the source code with the programs produced, unless a GPL library is used elsewhere in the program.

MinGW can be run either on the native Microsoft Windows platform, cross-hosted on Linux (or other Unix), or "cross-native" on Cygwin.

To install Bash via Git, you can use Git for Windows, which includes Git Bash — a lightweight Bash emulator.

Steps to Install Git Bash on Windows

a. Download Git for Windows

Go to the official Git website:

https://git-scm.com/download/win

The download should start automatically.

b. Run the Installer

Open the downloaded .exe file
Follow the installation prompts

Recommended Settings:

Select components: Keep default
Editor: Choose your preferred text editor (e.g., Notepad++ or Vim)
Adjust PATH environment: Choose “Git from the command line and also from 3rd-party software”
Choose SSH executable: Use Built-in OpenSSH
Choose HTTPS transport backend: Use the default (OpenSSL)
Configure line endings: Select “Checkout Windows-style, commit Unix-style line endings”
Terminal emulator: Choose “Use MinTTY (the default terminal)”

Click Next through the remaining steps and then Install.

c. Launch Git Bash

After installation:

Press Windows key, type "Git Bash"
Click to launch the terminal

Now you're using a Bash shell on Windows.

Perhaps most common way is to use Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL), people follow. WSL is a technology which is native Windows but gives MS Windows the opportunity to act in a way similar to docker containers. WSL lets you run a full Linux environment (including Bash) directly on Windows without using a virtual machine and is really fast and easy on Machine system resources.

2. Installing WSL bash easy from Windows 10 / 11 using Win GUI menus

Steps to install WSL on Windows 10 / 11

Microsoft has since only continued to improve its Windows Subsystem for Linux, and an update in a Windows 10 preview build back in mid-2020 made it easier to install Bash.

That method also works the same as on Win 10 as well as on Win 11.
To install Bash shell emulation, hence open Windows Terminal as an admin user. You can do this by right-clicking the Windows icon and selecting “Windows Terminal (Admin)” from the power user menu.

(If you’re on Windows 10, you should see it listed as “Windows Powershell (Admin)” in the menu.)

To complete WSL install with Virtualized Ubuntu OS

In Windows Terminal, run this command:

PS C:\Users\MyUser> wsl –install

Once everything is downloaded needed to run WSL emulation and Ubuntu Linux distribution, Restart the PC.

Once your PC rebooted, installation will continue automatically.

After Ubuntu installed successfully, you’ll next be prompted to create a username and password and Ubuntu will fire up, and you will have your bash in Windows

Install-WSL-linux-subsystem-for-windows-from-powershell-prompt-screenshot

a. Enabling and Intalling BASH via command line (if WSL Linux subsystem for Windows is not enabled on Windows

It might be your Windows has no configured Windows Subsystem for Linux, hence if that is the case you will need to enable it following below few steps.

b. Enable WSL via dism.exe cmd

Open PowerShell as Administrator and run:

Powershell

PS C:\Users\MyUser> wsl –install

This installs WSL 2 and a default Linux distribution (like Ubuntu).

If you're on Windows 10 or on a PC where whoever installed the OS has not installed the Win Subsystem for Linux, you may need to manually enable WSL:

Launch Powershell

PS C:\Users\MyUser> dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all /norestart

PS C:\Users\MyUser> dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /all /norestart

Then restart your computer and run:

from the Windows Magnifier run Powershell and type in PS1 prompt:

PS C:\Users\MyUser> wsl –set-default-version 2

c. Installing other Linux Distribution (different from Ubuntu)

If not already installed during wsl –install, open the Microsoft Store and search for:

Ubuntu
Debian
Kali Linux
etc.

Click Install on the one you want.

d. Launching WSL / Bash terminal

Once installed:

Open Start Menu
Search for your Linux distro you just installed (e.g., “Ubuntu”)
Launch it

This opens a Bash shell where you can run Linux commands, like in regular Linux but on your Microsoft Windows OS.

Sum it up

What we learned is how to install bash via Bash Git and start using it to have more hybrid environment Windows / Linux. The article explained the two main methods using GIt Bash and using embedded Windows emulator WSL with an emulated Linux distro.

Enjoy ! 🙂

Tags: bash, emulation, Enabling, exe, How to, installed, Installing, Launch Git Bash, linux?, Recommended Settings, run, Select Checkout Windows-style, shell scripting, Ubuntu Debian Kali Linux, ubuntu linux, use, username, using, Windows, Windows Linux, WSL
Posted in Curious Facts, Everyday Life, System Administration, Windows | No Comments »

How to Рecover deleted files in windows with Free ( unpaid ) software

Thursday, June 5th, 2025

How to Restore Deleted Files on Windows 10/11 - TinyFrom

It happens sometimes on Windows that accidently you deleted some files or directory with pressing Shift + DELETE key (not sending it to Trashbin) or by deleting fies / dirs by sending them in Trashbin but you decided you want them back once you have cleared up the Trashbin.
If this is the case it is pretty easy to recover deleted files in Windows using free (freeware) unpaid soft and tools, to do so chooose on of the many options described and follow the some of below methods by the well known and reputable tools pointed next.

1. Use Recuva (Free Version)

Recuva is one of the most popular free file recovery tools from the makers of CCleaner.

Steps:

Download from the official site: https://www.ccleaner.com/recuva
Install and open Recuva.
Select the type of files you want to recover (e.g., pictures, documents).
Choose the drive where the file was deleted.
Use the Deep Scan option if the regular scan fails.
Select files to recover and save them to a different drive to avoid overwriting.

2. Use PhotoRec (Part of TestDisk)

Despite the name, PhotoRec can recover many types of files, not just photos.

Steps:

Download TestDisk & PhotoRec: https://www.cgsecurity.org/
Extract the archive and run photorec_win.exe.
Select the drive, then the partition.
Choose the file system type (typically "Other").
Select a destination for recovered files on another drive.
Let it scan and recover files.

⚠️ PhotoRec runs in a command-line interface but is powerful and completely free.

Note that Photorec is also available and can be used on Linux to recover files and if you're used to do things from command line I strongly recommend to give it a try on Windows as well.

3. Windows File History / Previous Versions (If Enabled)

If File History or System Protection was enabled:

Steps:

Right-click the folder where the file was.
Choose Restore previous versions.
Browse previous versions and restore as needed.

4. Windows File Recovery (Microsoft's Free CLI Tool)

A command-line tool from Microsoft for advanced users is avalable it is called winfr

Steps:

Download from Microsoft Store: Windows File Recovery
Open Command Prompt as Administrator.
To recover just a single file use the command:

C:\>

winfr C: D: /regular /n \Users\YourName\Documents\file.txt

Replace paths as needed.
To recover a directory it is pretty much the same except you have to include the directory instead of file

C:\>

winfr C: D: /regular /n \Users\YourName\Documents\YourDeletedFolder\

Replace

C:

and

D:

with the appropriate source and destination drives.

C:

= source drive (where the folder was deleted)
D:

= destination drive (where recovered files will be saved)
/n

= path filter (target folder)
/regular

= mode suitable for NTFS drives

Important Tips:

Stop using the drive where the file was deleted to avoid overwriting it.
Always recover to a different drive.
The sooner you act, the higher the recovery success rate.

Tags: command, Deleted, destination, directory, download, drive, ecover, Files, Free, free software restore files, freeware, How to, howto, Important Tips, restore accidently deleted files, restore directory, restore files windows, single file, software, type, unpaid, use, using, Windows, Windows File Recovery Microsoft, wwindows, www
Posted in Backups, Curious Facts, Windows | No Comments »

Archive for the ‘Windows’ Category

Why Create Windows Installation Media from Linux ?

What You’ll Need

1. Download the Windows 10 ISO

2. Install Required Tools

3. Prepare the USB Drive

Partition and Format

4. Mount ISO and USB

5. Copy Files of ISO to Flash drive

6. Handle Large install.wim File (If Needed)

7. Safely Unmount

! NB ! Ensure Boot Files Exist

8. Boot from fresh created USB drive

9. Troubleshooting Tips and Common Pitfalls (Especially with Windows 11)

9.1. USB Not Booting

9.2. “File Too Large” Error

9.3. Installer Refuses to Continue

10. Alternative GUI Linux Tools to use WoeUSB-ng / Ventroy

10.1 Install WoeUSB-ng

10.2. Install Ventroy and deploy Windows installer on USB Drive

b) Add the Windows ISO

c) Install Windows ISO

5. Copy, paste Windows ISO file: (Windows 10 or 11) onto this USB drive.

Sum it up

Signs Your User Profile Is Corrupted :

What Causes a Corrupted Windows Profile?

Windows drops you into Temporary Profile ?

Symptoms of a Temporary Profile

Before You Start (have Administrator access)

1. Create a New User Profile (Best and Recommended approach)

1.1. Create a New Local Administrator Account

1.2. Copy Data from the Old Profile

1.3. Delete the Corrupted Profile

2. Fix the Profile via Registry (Advanced approach)

Run the Full Registry Backup Command

2.1. Open Registry Editor

2.2. Look for Duplicate SID Entries

2.3. Check Disk for Errors

2.4. Run System File Repair

3. Restore (Copy) Application Data / Settings from Old Profile to New Profile

3.1. Copy Appdata Directory Application Settings

3.2. Some Apps might be necessery to Reinstall or Reconfigure

Closing Summary

Why Windows Update Says Up to Date but Update Are missing Happens ?

1. Try PC Restart First

2. Run the Built-In Windows Update Troubleshooter

3. Manually Reset Windows Update Components

CleanUp SoftwareDistribution update cache folder is perhaps Most Effective FIX

Recommended Method (Play Safe)

N!B! Do NOT delete the folder while update services are running.

Step 2: Rename the Update Folder (Safer Than Deleting)

Rename Update Folders

Step 3: Restart Services

4. Use the Microsoft Update Catalog to Manually download recent applied Update

5. Use the Windows Installation Assistant

6. Check for Corrupted System Files

7. Make Sure You’re Not Paused or you are on a Metered connection

8. Check Your Windows Version Manually

9. Update your Video / Audio / Motherboard Chipsets and peripheral drivers to latest

10. Move catroot folder (to clean up Windows Update package signatures)

What is catroot2 ?

11. Perform an In-Place Repair Upgrade (Last Resort)

12. If none of these helps check Windows Logs for a clue

Summary / close up

How to Fix the Locked Account Error

Check Time/Date (are correct)

Wait it Out

Account Unlock Method 2: Unlock Windows Locked Account via lusrmgr.msc

Unlock locked windows Admin account with linux

Prerequisites

Step-by-Step Guide: Using chntpw command

Account Unlock Method 3: Unlock Windows Locked Account with PCUnlocker (boot CD image)

Why This Error Happens

Solution 1 : Start the Windows Time Service

Solution 2: Set the Service to Start Automatically

Solution 3: Re-register the Windows Time Service

Solution 4: Configure an NTP Server Manually

Alternative: Start the Service via Services Console services.msc

Finally Check time server syncs fine

1. Install Squid (Caching Proxy Server)

4. Use the Microsoft Update Catalog to Manually download recent applied
Update